Black Mountain College is an experimental college founded in 1933 by John Andrew Rice, Theodore Dreier, and several others. Based in Black Mountain, North Carolina, the school is ideologically organized around the educational principles of John Dewey, which emphasizes holistic learning and art studies as a center of liberal arts education. Many of the faculty and students of the school or will continue to be very influential in art, including the likes of Josef and Anni Albers, Ruth Asawa, Walter Gropius, Robert Motherwell, Cy Twombly, Robert Rauschenberg, Merce Cunningham, John Cage, Buckminster Fuller, Willem and Elaine de Kooning and Allen Ginsberg, among others. Though very well known during its lifetime, the school closed in 1957 after 24 years due to funding issues. The history and heritage of Black Mountain College is maintained and extended by the Black Mountain College Museum and Art Center located in downtown Asheville, NC.
Video Black Mountain College
Histori
Black Mountain was founded in 1933 by John Andrew Rice, Theodore Dreier, Frederick Georgia, and Ralph Lounsbury, who was controversially dismissed as a lecturer at Rollins College for refusing to sign a pledge of allegiance. Black Mountain is experimental in nature and committed to an interdisciplinary approach, prioritizing the making of art as a necessary educational component and attracting faculty and lecturers who include many of America's leading visual artists, composers, poets, and designers. During the 1930s and 1940s the school grew, becoming famous as an art talent incubator. Important occurrences in public schools; This is where the first large-scale geodesic dome was created by Buckminster Fuller faculty members and students, where Merce Cunningham formed the dance company, and where John Cage performed his first musical performance.
Maps Black Mountain College
Structure
Schools are operated using a non-hierarchical methodology that places students and educators in the same field. Revolving around 20th century ideals about the value and importance of balancing education, art and cooperative work, students are asked to participate in agricultural work, construction projects, and kitchen duties as part of their holistic education. Students are involved at all levels of institutional decision making. They are also assigned to decide when they are ready to graduate, which is notoriously rare. There are no requirements, grades, or titles. Graduates are presented with an artificial diploma as a pure symbol of their achievement ceremony. The liberal arts program is offered in the vast Black Mountain, and is complemented by the art of making as a means of cultivating creative thinking in all areas. While Albers leads the school, only two requirements are courses on materials and forms taught by Albers and courses on Plato.
The sociopolitical context
In 1933, the Nazis closed the Bauhaus in Germany, the same progressive arts-based educational institution. Many school faculty leave Europe for the United States, and a number of them live in Black Mountain, most notably Josef Albers, chosen to run the art program and his wife, Anni Albers, who teaches woven and textile designs.
Adolph Hitler's rise to power and subsequent persecution in Europe led many artists and intellectuals to flee and resettle in the US, filling Black Mountain College with the influx of students and faculty.
In addition, colleges operate in the South during periods of legal racial segregation at other universities and universities in the region. Though not immune from racial tension, Alma Stone Williams's student, an African-American woman, was considered by some to be the first black student to enroll in a white higher education institution in the South during the Jim Crow era.
Location
For the first eight years, colleges rented the Blue Ridge YMCA Assembly building in southern Black Mountain, North Carolina. In 1941, he moved across the valley to his own campus on Lake Eden, where he remained until closure in 1956. The property was later purchased and converted into an ecumenical male Christian housing summer camp (Camp Rockmont). It has been used for years as a place of the Black Mountain Festival and the Eden Lake Art Festival. A number of original structures are still used as lodges or administrative facilities.
Closing
Black Mountain College closed in 1957, a few years after Albers went to direct the first design department at Yale. The college suspended the upper class court order because of the debt, because it could not sustain their finances given the very decreasing number of students. In 1962, school books finally closed, with all debts covered.
Legacy
Black Mountain College & amp; The Arts Center continues the heritage of Black Mountain College through annual autumnal talks, exhibitions, shows and conferences checking on the college heritage. Black Mountain College is the subject of the Leap Before You Look museum exhibition: Black Mountain College 1933-1957, opened at the Institute of Contemporary Art, Boston on October 10, 2015. The event is curated by Helen Molesworth with Ruth Erickson. The show is then on display at the Hammer Museum February 21, 2016 to May 15, 2016, hosted by Anne Ellegood, senior curator, with MacKenzie Stevens, curatorial assistant and Jan. Parkos Arnall, curatorial assistant. Black Mountain College is featured in the Nicholas Sparks novel, The Longest Ride (2013) and the 2015 film adaptation of the same name.
See also
- 8-pioneer-woman-artist-black-mountain-college
- Evergreen College
- Warren Wilson College
- Rochdale College
- Hampshire College
- Goddard College
- Marlboro College
- The Atlantic College
- Cornish College of the Arts
References
Bibliography
External links
- Official website
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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