English (usually called only English ) is an academic discipline taught in primary, secondary, and post-secondary education in English-speaking countries; not to be confused with English being taught as a foreign language, which is a different discipline. English includes: literature studies written in English (mainly novels, short stories, and poetry), mostly from England, the United States, and Ireland (although English literature from any country can be studied, and local literature or national level is usually emphasized in any country); The composition of English, including writing essays, short stories, and poetry; Art of English, including studying grammar, use, and style; and English sociolinguistics, including discourse analysis of written and oral text in English, English history, learning and teaching English, and World English studies. English linguistics (syntax, morphology, phonetics, phonology, etc.) Usually treated as a different discipline, taught in the linguistics department.
The division of discipline between the dominant literature or the orientation of use is one of the motivations for the division of the North American Modern Language Association (MLA) into two subgroups. At universities in non-English speaking countries, the same department often covers all aspects of English studies, including linguistics: This is reflected, for example, in the structure and activities of the European Community for English Studies (ESSE).
It is common for the English department to offer courses and scholarships in English, literature (including literary criticism and literary theory), public speaking and speech-writing, rhetoric, composition studies, creative writing, philology and etymology, journalism, poetry publishing, literacy, area studies (especially American studies), philosophy of language, theater and play, screenplay writing, communication studies, technical communication, cultural studies, critical theory, gender studies, ethnic studies, disability studies, digital media and publishing electronics, film studies and other media studies, and various courses in liberal arts and humanities, among others. In most English-speaking countries, studies at all levels of text education produced in non-English languages ​​occur in other departments, such as the department of foreign languages ​​or comparative literature.
Video English studies
Fields
View also Literature and linguistics, along with List of academic disciplines
- English lingu
- English sociolinguistics
- Discourse analysis in English
- English Stylistics (linguistics)
- World Englishes
- English history
- Composition study
- Rhetoric
- Technical communication
- English teaching and learning
- English Literature
- American literature, including:
- African American Literature
- American Jewish literature
- Southern literature
- Australian Literature
- English literature (literature from some regions of England can be written in Celtic)
- Canadian literature (a large amount of Canadian literature is also written in French)
- Irish Liter
- New Zealand Literature
- Scottish literature
- Welsh literature
- South African Literature (excluding works written in other languages)
- American literature, including:
Maps English studies
English Department
The English Major (alternative "English concentration," "BA in English") is a term in the United States and several other countries for a bachelor degree that focuses on the consumption, analysis, and production of texts in English. The term can also be used to describe a student pursuing the title.
Students taking English majors reflect, analyze, and interpret literature and film, present their analysis with clear, convincing writing. Although postings that require help rarely ask for English majors in particular, a degree in English has critical critical thinking skills for a number of career fields, including writing, editing, publishing, teaching and research, advertising, public relations, law, and finance.
History
The history of English lessons at a modern university in Europe and America began in the second half of the nineteenth century. Initially, English lessons consisted of a series of content: speech practice, rhetorical and grammatical studies, poetry composition, and literary appreciation (mostly by British writers, since American literature and language studies were only added in the twentieth century). In Germany and several other European countries, British philology, a highly positivistic and historical practice interested in reading pre-modern texts, became the preferred scientific paradigm, but the English-speaking countries distanced themselves from the philological paradigm immediately after World War I. In the end Of this process, the English department tended to refocus their work on various forms of writing instruction (creative, professional, critical) and the interpretation of literary texts, and teacher education in English recovered from his negligence due to a more science-oriented paradigm.. Currently, the English department in native-speaking countries re-evaluates their role as the only discipline keeper because English is lacking and lacking 'uniqueness' of native-speaking property and should be shared with millions of speakers and writers from other countries for English is a means communication and artistic expression are important.
English literature became the object of study at French universities as part of foreign (comparative) literature in the nineteenth century. A foreign literary chair was established in Paris in 1830. English was first taught separately from other languages ​​and literature at the University of Lille and at Lyons University and only afterwards at the Sorbonne. These three universities are the main centers of English study in France. The first lecturer and then the professor of English studies appears to be Auguste Angellier. After spending several years teaching French in England in the 1860s and 1870s, he became a lecturer in English studies at the University of Lille in 1881 and an English professor in 1893. In France today, literature, civilization, linguistics and oral and written language are all important in the English language lessons at the university.
English majors became famous in American colleges soon after the introduction of the system of choice. It provides an opportunity for students to develop analytical reading skills with the aim of improving their writing, as well as exercises in rhetorical and persuasive expressions traditionally taught only in classical studies and available for very little due to language barriers and proficiency shortages that can actively involve students in humanities. Outside the United States (originally from Scotland and then rippling into English-speaking world), English majors became popular in the second half of the nineteenth century during a time when religious conviction was shaken in the face of scientific discoveries. Literature is considered to act as a substitute for religion in retention and cultural progress, and the English Department thus gives students the opportunity to describe the moral, ethical, and philosophical qualities as well as the meaning of older research from a richer and wider literary source. compared to ancient Greek and Latin classics.
Since 2000, there have been more questions about the specific functions of the English department at US colleges and universities. The absence of a clear discipline identity and an increasingly utilitarian purpose in US society presents a challenge for academic units that still focus much on traditional print and traditional divisions in historical periods and national literature, and ignore non-theoretical alleged areas such as professional writing, composition, and multimodal communication.
Skills acquired
In the past an academic degree in English usually meant an intensive study of British and American literary works. However, now, Major English covers a wider range of topics that span across many disciplines. Although the requirements for the English Department vary from university to university, most departments of English emphasize three major skills: analyzing the literature, a process that requires logical and reflective analysis; creativity and imagination associated with the production of good writing; and understanding of different cultures, civilizations, and literary styles from different time periods. Skills gained from learning English include acquiring tools that will never lose value, understanding the ever-changing media, to explain your own world, and more. The Prospective English Department can expect to take lectures in academic writing, creative writing, literary theory, English and American literature, multicultural literature, several literary genres (such as poetry, drama, and film), and a number of elective multidisciplinary topics such as history, in social sciences, and learning in a foreign language. Until the end of studying this discipline, candidates for a Major in English achieve professional writing skills with links to rhetoric, literary analysis, appreciation of cultural diversity, and the ability to clearly and persuasively express their ideas in writing.
Sample courses
Most English courses fall into the broader category of either Literature-based studies, which focus on classical authors and time periods, or rhetorical studies, which concentrate on communication skills in preparation for specialization in various professional areas. While certain graduation requirements vary from university to university, students can expect to learn some of the following courses.
Course in Writing and Composition : such as Academic and Professional Writing, which emphasizes analytical writing and trains students to produce clear and cohesive arguments.
Course in English Literature : The program may focus on a period of time, author, genre, or literary movement. Examples include the Shakespeare Tragedy, the History and Theory of British Drama, Medieval English Literature, and the Victorian novel.
Programs in American Literature : Depending on the university, these courses can be broken down over a period of time, such as the nineteenth-century Gothic Fiction; writers, such as classes in Hawthorne, Hemingway, or Frost; or School and literary movements, such as Naturalism or Transcendentalism.
Courses in Multicultural Literature : Values ​​carrying a variety of cultural and multidisciplinary perspectives for the study of English literature are increasingly recognized in a number of universities. Examples include the Multi-cultural Literature of Medieval England, Latina Narratives, and Studies in Jewish Literature.
Rhetorical Courses : Focus on persuasive persuasion techniques in written form, as well as skills involving written text analysis.
Career opportunities
The major departments in English open career opportunities for college graduates who enter the job market. Because students who graduate with an English degree are trained to ask probing questions about the large body of texts and then to formulate, analyze, and answer those questions in a coherent and persuasive context - skills essential to a number of careers - English majors have a lot to choose after graduation. The most obvious career choices for English majors are writing, publishing, journalism, and teaching. However, other less intuitive job options include positions in advertising, public relations, acting, law, business, marketing, and direction.
See also
- American Literature (academic discipline)
- Literati
References
- O'Hara, Shelly. What You Can Do with Major in English. Hoboken: Wiley Publishing Inc., 2005. ISBNÃ, 0-7645-7605-4
- University of Chicago Course and Study Program Kolese 2006-2008. [1]
- de Vane, William Clyde. English Department. Higher Education UK, Vol. 3, No. 1 (Oct., 1941), p. 47-52 [2]
- On History of English Department, [3]
External links
- European Society for English Studies (ESSE)
- The International Society for English Linguistics (ISLE)
- Association of English Department in US and Canada
- College Composition and Communication Conference
- Delta Sigma Tau, Int. English Honor Society
- The Modern Language Association ( MLA )
- Professional organizations Associated with MLA
- English learning resources
- Reason for learning English
- English lessons
- Free English course for Spanish speakers
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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