Princeton University is a private Ivy League research university in Princeton, New Jersey. Founded in 1746 in Elizabeth as College of New Jersey, Princeton is the fourth oldest higher education institution in the United States and one of nine colony colleges hired before the American Revolution. The institute moved to Newark in 1747, then to the site today nine years later, where its name was changed to Princeton University in 1896.
Princeton provides undergraduate and postgraduate instruction in humanities, social sciences, natural sciences and engineering. It offers professional degrees through the Woodrow Wilson School of Public and International Affairs, School of Engineering and Applied Science, School of Architecture and the Financial Center of Bendheim. The University has links with the Institute for Advanced Study, Princeton Theological Seminary, and Ranger University University of Westminster Choir. Princeton has the largest contribution per student in the United States. From 2001 to 2018, Princeton University was ranked first or second among national universities by the US. News & amp; World Report , holds the top spot for 16 of those 18 years.
In 2017, 63 Nobel Prize winners, 14 Medalists and 10 Turing Award winners have been affiliated with Princeton University as alumni, faculty members or researchers. In addition, Princeton has been associated with 21 winners of the National Medal of Science, 5 Abel Prize winners, 5 National Humaniora Medal recipients, 209 Rhodes Scholars, 139 Gates Cambridge Scholars, and 126 Marshall Scholars. Two US Presidents, 12 US Supreme Court Judges (three of whom are currently serving in court) and many live billionaires and heads of foreign countries are all counted among the Princeton alumni. Princeton has also passed many members of the US Congress and the US Cabinet, including eight Secretaries of State, three Secretary of Defense, and two of the five Chairs of the Federal Reserve.
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Histori
Presbyterian New Light established the College of New Jersey in 1746 to train ministers. College is the Scottish-American education and religious capital of Ireland. In 1754, the guardian of the College of New Jersey suggested that, in recognition of the interests of Governor Jonathan Belcher, Princeton should be named as Belcher College. Belcher replied: "What a name!" In 1756, college moved to Princeton, New Jersey. His home in Princeton is Nassau Hall, named after the Royal Orange House of Nassau from William III of England.
Following the sudden death of five Princeton's first presidents, John Witherspoon became president in 1768 and remained in the office until his death in 1794. During his presidency, Witherspoon shifted the focus of lectures from training ministers to preparing a new generation for leadership in the new America. nation. To this end, he tightened academic standards and requested investment on campus. The Presidency of Witherspoon was a long period of stability for college, plagued by the American Revolution and in particular the Battle of Princeton, where British troops occupied Nassau Hall; The American troops, led by George Washington, fired a cannon in the building to evict them from it.
In 1812, the eighth president of the New Jersey College, Ashbel Green (1812-23), helped establish the Princeton Theological Seminary next door. The plan to expand the theological curriculum met with "the enthusiastic approval of the authorities at the College of New Jersey". Today, Princeton University and Princeton Theological Seminary maintain separate institutions with ties that include services such as cross-registration and shared library access.
Prior to the construction of Stanhope Hall in 1803, Nassau Hall was a single college building. The foundation of the building was laid on 17 September 1754. During the summer of 1783, the Continental Congress met in Nassau Hall, making Princeton the capital of the country for four months. Over the centuries and through two redesigns after the great fire (1802 and 1855), Nassau Hall's role shifted from the multipurpose building, comprising offices, dormitories, libraries, and classrooms; classroom exclusively; for his current role as the administrative center of the University. The 1879 class donated a twin lion statue flanking the entrance until 1911, when the same class replaced them with a tiger. The bells of Nassau Hall rang after the hall building was built; However, the fire of 1802 melted it. The bell was later reshaped and melted again in the fire of 1855.
James McCosh served as college president in 1868 and elevated the agency from the low period brought by the American Civil War. During his two decades of service, he changed the curriculum, oversaw the expansion of investigations into science, and oversaw the addition of a number of Gothic Victorian High-style buildings to the campus. McCosh Hall was named in his honor.
In 1879, the first thesis for the Doctor of Philosophy Ph.D. submitted by James F. Williamson, Class 1877.
In 1896, the university officially changed its name from the College of New Jersey to Princeton University in honor of his city of residence. During this year, universities also experienced a major expansion and officially became a university. In 1900, the Graduate School was established.
In 1902, Woodrow Wilson, a graduate of Class 1879, was elected the 13th president of the university. Under Wilson, Princeton introduced the preceptorial system in 1905, a concept that was then unique in the US that added the standard teaching method with a more personalized form in which small groups of students, or sila, could interact with a single instructor, or mentor, at areas of their interest.
In 1906, the Carnegie Lake reservoir was created by Andrew Carnegie. A collection of historical photographs of the lake's construction is housed in the Seeley G. Mudd Manuscript Library on the Princeton campus. On October 2, 1913, Princeton University Graduate College was dedicated. In 1919, the School of Architecture was founded. In 1933, Albert Einstein became a lifelong member of the Institute for Advanced Study with an office on the Princeton campus. Though always independent of the university, the Institute for Advanced Study occupied an office in Jones Hall for 6 years, since it opened in 1933, until its own campus was completed and opened in 1939. It helped start a false impression that it was part of a university, yet never completely eradicated.
Shared education at Princeton University
In 1969, Princeton University first recognized women as students. In 1887, the university actually maintains and manages a college, Evelyn College for Women, in the town of Princeton on the streets of Evelyn and Nassau. It closed after about a decade of operation. After a failed discussion with Sarah Lawrence College to relocate female colleges to Princeton and merge them with the University in 1967, the government decided to accept women and turn to the problem of transforming school operations and facilities into a women-friendly campus. The government had just completed this plan in April 1969 when the receiving office began to send its acceptance letter. The five-year coeducation plan provided $ 7.8 million for the development of a new facility that would eventually house and educate 650 female students at Princeton in 1974. Finally, 148 women, consisting of 100 new students and other transfer years, entered Princeton on September 6, 1969 amid much media attention. Princeton enrolled its first female graduate student, Sabra Follett Meservey, as a PhD candidate in Turkish history in 1961. A number of undergraduate women had studied at Princeton from 1963, spending their first year there studying "critical languages" where Princeton's offer surpass them from their home institutions. They are considered regular students for their year on campus, but are not candidates for a Princeton degree.
As a result of the 1979 lawsuit by Sally Frank, Princeton's dining club was asked to go coeducational in 1991, after Tiger Inn's appeal to the US Supreme Court was denied. In 1987, the university changed the lyrics of "Old Nassau" gender to reflect the body of school co-educational students. In 2009-11, Princeton professor Nannerl O. Keohane chaired a committee on women's undergraduate leadership at the university, designated by President Shirley M. Tilghman.
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Campus
The main campus sits on about 500 acres (2.0 km 2 ) at Princeton. In 2011, the main campus was named by Travel Leisure as one of the most beautiful in the United States. The James Forrestal Campus is split between Plainsboro and the nearby South Brunswick. The University also has several properties in West Windsor Township. These campuses are located about an hour from New York City and Philadelphia.
The first building on campus is Nassau Hall, completed in 1756 and located on the north end of the campus overlooking Nassau Street. The campus continued to flourish around Nassau Hall in the early 19th and mid century. The McCosh presidency (1868-88) saw the construction of a number of buildings in the style of High Victorian Gothic and Romanesque Revival; many of them are now gone, leaving some left to emerge out of place. At the end of the 19th century Princeton adopted the Gotik Collegiate style known today. Applied initially by William Appleton Potter and later enforced by the University's supervisor architect Ralph Adams Cram, the Gothic Collegiate style remained the standard for all new buildings on the Princeton campus until 1960. A busy construction in the 1960s resulted in a number of new buildings. on the south side of the main campus, many of which have not been well received. Several prominent architects have contributed several new additions, including Frank Gehry (Lewis Library), IM Pei (Spelman Halls), Demetri Porphyrios (Whitman College, Gothic Collegiate project), Robert Venturi (Frist Campus Center, among others), and Rafael ViÃÆ' Â ± oly (Carl Icahn Laboratory).
A group of 20th-century sculptures spread across the campus form the Putnam Collection of Sculpture. These include the works of Alexander Calder ( Five Discs: One Empty ), Jacob Epstein (
At the south end of the campus is Carnegie Lake, an artificial lake named Andrew Carnegie. Carnegie financed the construction of the lake in 1906 on the orders of a friend who was a Princeton alumnus. Carnegie hopes the chance to paddle will inspire Princeton students to leave football, which he considers "disrespectful." The Shea Rowing Center by the lake continues to function as a base for Princeton rowing.
Green Cannon
Buried in the ground in the southern grass center of Nassau Hall is the "Big Cannon," which was abandoned at Princeton by British troops as they fled after the Princeton Battle. It remained at Princeton until the War of 1812, when it was taken to New Brunswick. In 1836 the cannon was returned to Princeton and placed at the eastern end of the city. It was transferred to campus under the protection of the night by Princeton students in 1838 and was buried at its current location in 1840.
The second "Little Cannon" is buried in the front yard of Whig Hall nearby. This cannon, which may have also been captured in the Princeton Battle, was stolen by Rutgers University students in 1875. The theft triggered the Rutgers-Princeton Cannon War. The compromise between the Princeton president and Rutgers ended the war and forced the return of Little Cannon to Princeton. Prominent cannons are sometimes painted red by Rutgers students who continue traditional disputes.
In the years when the Princeton football team beat the teams of Harvard University and Yale University in the same season, Princeton celebrated with a bonfire at Cannon Green. This happened in 2012, ending a five-year drought. The next bonfire occurred on November 24, 2013, and was broadcast live over the Internet.
Building
Nassau Hall
Nassau Hall is the oldest building on campus. Beginning in 1754 and completed in 1756, it was the first seat of the New Jersey Legislature in 1776, involved in the battle of Princeton in 1777, and was the seat of the Confederate Congress (and thus the capital of the United States) from 30 June 1783, until 4 November 1783 It now houses the presidential office of the university and other administrative offices, and remains a symbolic center of the campus. The front door was flanked by two bronze tigers, a gift from the Princeton Class of 1879. The event was held on the front page of Nassau Hall in good weather. In 1966, Nassau Hall was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Housing college
Princeton has six undergraduate housing dormitories, each housing approximately 500 new students, a second year, some junior and senior, and a handful of junior and senior advisers. Each college consists of a set of dormitories, dining rooms, various other facilities - such as study rooms, libraries, showrooms, and dark spaces - and a collection of related administrators and faculty. Two colleges, Wilson College and Forbes College (formerly Princeton Inn College), dates from the 1970s; three others, Rockefeller, Mathey, and Butler Colleges, were created in 1983 after the report of the Life of Scholar Committee (CURL), which suggested housing college institutions as a solution to the allegedly fragmented campus social life. The construction of Whitman College, the sixth university housing university, was completed in 2007.
Rockefeller and Mathey are located in the northwest corner of the campus; The Princeton flyers often feature their Gothic Collegiate architecture. Like most Gothic buildings in Princeton, they preceded the college housing system and were shaped into colleges of individual dormitories.
Wilson and Butler, located south of the center of the campus, was built in the 1960s. Wilson served as a preliminary experiment in the establishment of a housing campus system. Butlers, like Rockefeller and Mathey, consist of ordinary boarding houses (called "New New Quad") before the addition of the dining room makes it a residential campus. Many disliked their modernist edern designs, including the "waffle ceiling", the dorms at Butler Quad were destroyed in 2007. Butler is now reopened as a four-year college residential, both under and upscale.
Forbes is located on the site of the historic Princeton Inn, a friendly hotel overlooking the Princeton golf course. The Princeton Inn, originally built in 1924, plays regular hosts for important symposia and meetings of renowned scholars from both the university and the nearby Institute for Advanced Studies for many years. Forbes currently holds more than 400 students and a number of graduate students in the dormitory.
In 2003, Princeton broke ground for the sixth college named Whitman College after its main sponsor, Meg Whitman, who graduated from Princeton in 1977. The new dorms were built in the Gothic Collegiate style of architecture and designed by architect Demetri Porphyrios. Construction was completed in 2007, and Whitman College was inaugurated as the sixth Princeton housing campus that same year.
The precursors of the current lecture system in America were originally proposed by university president Woodrow Wilson in the early 20th century. For over 800 years, however, the college system already exists in England at Cambridge and Oxford University. The Wilson model is closer to the current Yale system, featuring a four-year college. Due to lack of support from the guardians, the plan was languished until 1968. That year, Wilson College was established to limit a range of alternatives to clubs to eat. Fierce debate raged before the housing campus system now appeared. This plan was first tried at Yale, but the initial administration was not interested; an annoyed alumnus, Edward Harkness, was finally paid to apply the college system at Harvard in the 1920s, leading to the often-quoted proverb that the college system was a Princeton idea implemented at Harvard with funding from Yale.
Princeton has one graduate residential campus, known only as the Graduate College, located outside of Forbes College on the outskirts of the campus. The distant location of GC is a dispute between Woodrow Wilson and Graduate School Dean Andrew Fleming West. Wilson prefers the central location to the College; The West wants graduate students as far as possible from campus. Finally, the West won. The Graduate College consists of a large Collegiate Gothic section crowned by the Cleveland Tower, a local landmark that also houses a world-class essay. The attached New Graduate College departs in design from Collegiate Gothic; it reminds us of the ex-Butler College dormitories, the latest of five pre-Whitman settlement colleges.
The McCarter Theater
Tony's award-winning McCarter Theater was built by the Princeton Triangle Club, a student performance group, using club profits and prizes from Princeton University alumnus Thomas McCarter. Today, the Club Triangle performs annual performances of the show, the fall, and the Reunion show in McCarter. McCarter is also recognized as one of the leading regional theaters in the United States.
Art Museum
The Princeton University Museum of Art was founded in 1882 to provide students with direct, intimate, and continuous access to original artwork that complements and enriches instruction and research at the university. It continues to be a major function, along with serving as community resources and destination for national and international visitors.
Over 92,000 objects, collections range from ancient to contemporary art and concentrate geographically in the Mediterranean, Western Europe, China, the United States and Latin America. There is a collection of Greek and Roman antiques, including ceramics, marbles, bronzes, and Roman mosaics from faculty excavations in Antioch. Medieval Europe was represented by sculptures, metal, and stained glass. The collection of Western European paintings includes examples from the early Renaissance to the 19th century, with the works of Monet, CÃÆ' Â © zanne, and Van Gogh, and featuring contemporary art collections of the 20th century and contemporary, including iconic paintings such as Andy Warhol's Blue Marilyn.
One of the best features of the museum is the collection of Chinese art, with important possession in bronze, grave statues, paintings, and calligraphy. Pre-Columbian art collections include examples of Mayan art, and are generally regarded as the most important collection of pre-Columbian art outside of Latin America. The museum has a collection of print master and old drawings and a comprehensive collection of over 27,000 original photos. African art and Indian Northwest Indian art are also represented. The museum also keeps an eye on the Putnam Statue Collection outdoors.
University Chapel
The Princeton University Chapel is located on the north side of the campus, near Nassau Street. Built between 1924 and 1928, it costs $ 2.3 million, about $ 32.8 million in 2017 dollars. Ralph Adams Cram, the architect of the University's superintendent, designed the Chapel, which he regarded as the crown jewel for the Collegiate Gothic motif he championed for college. At the time of its construction, it was the second largest university chapel in the world, after King's College Chapel, Cambridge. It underwent a $ 10 million restoration campaign between 2000 and 2002.
Measured on the exterior, the Chapel is 277 feet (84 m) in length, 76 feet (23 m) wide on transepts, and 121 feet (37 m) high. The exterior is a Pennsylvania sandstone, with an Indiana limestone used for trim. The interior of most of the limestone and sandstone of Aquia Creek. Its design awakened the medieval English church. Extensive astronomy, in stained glass, stone, and wood carvings, has a common theme of linking religions and scholarships.
The chapel is almost 2,000 seats. It hosts weekly ecumenical Christian worship, Roman Catholic mass daily, and several annual special events.
Murray-Dodge Hall
Murray-Dodge Hall became the Office of Religious Life (ORL), Murray Dodge Theater, Murray-Dodge Cafà © ©, the Muslim Prayer Room and the Interfaith Prayer Room. The ORL houses the office of the Dean of Religious Life, Alison Boden, and a number of university kyai, including the country's first Hindu priest, Vineet Chander; and one of the country's first Muslim chaplains, the Sohaib Sultan.
Apartment facilities
Princeton University has several apartment facilities for graduate students and their dependents. They are Lakeside Apartments, Lawrence Apartments, and Stanworth Apartments.
Sustainability
Published in 2008, the Princeton Sustainability Plan highlights three priority areas for the University Sustainability Office: reducing greenhouse gas emissions; resource conservation; and research, education, and community involvement. Princeton has committed to reducing carbon dioxide emissions to 1990 levels by 2020, without offset purchases. The University published its first Sustainability Progress Report in November 2009. The University has adopted a green purchasing and recycling policy that focuses on paper products, building materials, light bulbs, furniture, and electronics.
Organization
The Trustees of Princeton University, the 40-member council, is responsible for the overall direction of the University. It approves operating and capital budgets, oversees the University's donation investment and oversees campus real estate and long-term physical planning. The trustee also conducts prior review and approval of changes in key policies, such as those in the teaching and admissions program, as well as tuition and fees and hiring faculty members.
With a $ 22.15 billion donation, Princeton University is one of the richest universities in the world. Ranking in 2010 as the third largest batch in the United States, the university has the largest student grant per student in the world (more than $ 2 million for undergraduates) in 2011. This significant contribution is sustained through alumni donations and managed by investment advisers. Some of Princeton's wealth was invested in his art museum, featuring Claude Monet's works, Vincent van Gogh, Jackson Pollock, and Andy Warhol among other prominent artists.
Academics
Undergraduate students meet general education requirements, choose among elective courses, and pursue concentrations of interdisciplinary department and certificate programs. The necessary independent work is a hallmark of undergraduate education at Princeton. Students graduate with a Bachelor of Arts (A.B.) or Bachelor of Science in Engineering (B.S.E.).
The graduate school offers advanced degrees covering humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, and engineering. Doctoral education is available in most disciplines. It emphasizes native and independent scholarships while master's degree programs in architecture, engineering, finance, and public affairs and public policy prepare candidates for careers in public life and professional practice.
Bachelor
Undergraduate programs in the humanities traditionally either seminars or lectures are held 2 or 3 times a week with an additional discussion seminar called "teachings". To pass, all A.B. the candidate must complete a senior thesis and, in most departments, one or two broad sections of independent research known as "junior newspaper." Junior in some departments, including architecture and creative arts, completing independent projects that are different from written research papers. A.B. the candidate must also meet the requirements of three semesters or three foreign language distribution requirements and with a total of 31 classes. B.S.E. candidates follow a parallel track with an emphasis on a rigorous science and mathematics curriculum, computer science requirements, and at least two independent research semesters including an optional senior thesis. All B.S.E. students must complete at least 36 classes. A.B. candidates usually have more freedom in lesson selection than B.S.E. candidates because the number of classes needed is less. Nonetheless, in the spirit of liberal arts education, both enjoy a relatively high degree of latitude in creating their own structured curriculum.
Undergraduate students agree to abide by an academic integrity policy called the Code of Honor, which was established in 1893. Under the Code of Honor, the faculty does not examine the examinations; on the contrary, the students briefed each other and had to report any alleged violations to the Honor Committee consisting of students. The Committee investigates reported violations and conducts trials if justified. The release at the hearing resulted in the destruction of all court records; confidence resulted in suspension or expulsion of students. The signed promise required by the Code of Honor is very integral to the students' academic experience that the Princeton Triangle Club does a song about it every fall. Exercise outside the classroom is under the jurisdiction of the Student Faculty Committee on Discipline. Undergraduate students are expected to sign a pledge on their written paper confirming that they have not copied the work.
Reception and financial assistance
The Princeton graduate program is highly selective, receiving 6.1% of undergraduate applicants in the admissions cycle 2016-2017 (for Class 2021). The middle score of 50% of the SAT score is 690-790 for critical reading, 710-800 for math, and 700-790 for writing. The middle 50% range of the ACT Composite score is 32-35.
In September 2006, the university announced that all applicants for Class 2012 would be considered in one set, effectively ending the initial school decision program. In February 2011, after a decision by the University of Virginia and Harvard University to restore their initial admissions program, Princeton announced it would institutionalize an initial action program, starting with applicants for Class 2016. In 2011, The Business Journal
In 2001, thriving on previous reforms, Princeton became the first university to remove loans for all students eligible for financial assistance. All the needs shown are filled with a combination of grants and campus work. In addition, all admissions need to be blinded. US. News & amp; World Report and Princeton Review cited Princeton as a university with the fewest graduates with debt even though 60% of the students came in several types of financial aid. Class deflation policy
In 2004, Nancy Weiss Malkiel, Dean of Higher Education, implemented a class deflation policy to limit the number of Grade A graduates received. Malkiel's argument is that A begins to lose meaning as a greater percentage of the student body accepts them. While the number of A is indeed declining under policy, many argue that this hurts Princeton students when they apply to jobs or graduate schools. Malkiel has said that he sent pamphlets to inform the institution about the policy so that they considered Princeton students the same, but the students thought that Princeton graduates could apply to other institutions that knew nothing about it. They further argue that as other schools deliberately increase their value, the Princeton student's GPA will look low by comparison. Furthermore, research shows that employers prefer high marks even as they increase. The policy remained in effect even after Malkiel resigned at the end of the 2010-2011 academic period. This policy limits the value only relative to their previous level; indeed, in 2009, or five years after the policy was instituted, the average pass CPI saw a marginal decline, from 3.46-3.39.
In August 2014, the faculty committee assigned by College Dean Valerie Smith to review the effectiveness of class deflation not only found that 35% targets were often misinterpreted as hard quota and applied inconsistently across departments, but also that values ​​had already begun. decreased in 2003, the year before the policy was implemented. The committee concludes that the observed value lower since 2003 is the result of discussion and awareness raising during and since the implementation of the deflationary policy, and not the deflation target itself, so it is advisable to remove the numerical target while charging each department by developing a consistent standard for assessment. In October 2014, following the faculty vote, the numerical target was removed as recommended by the committee.
Graduates
The Graduate School has approximately 2,600 students in 42 academic departments and courses in social sciences, engineering, natural sciences, and humanities. These departments include Princeton University Department of Psychology and Princeton University Department of History.
In 2017-8, they received nearly 11,000 enrollments and received about 1,000 applicants. The University also received the 319 Ph.D. degrees and 170 final master's degrees. Princeton has no medical school, law school, business school, or education school. (A Princeton Law School was short-lived folded in 1852.) It offers a professional bachelor's degree in architecture, engineering, finance, and public policy, most recently through the General School and International Affairs of Woodrow Wilson, founded in 1930 as a Public School and Relations International and renamed in 1948 after university president (and US President) Woodrow Wilson.
Library
The Princeton University Library System has more than eleven million holdings including seven million bound volumes. The main university library, the Firestone Library, which houses nearly four million volumes, is one of the largest university libraries in the world. In addition, this is one of the largest "open stack" libraries available. The collection includes manuscripts signed by F. Scott Fitzgerald The Great Gatsby and Long Telegram by George F. Kennan. In addition to the Firestone library, special libraries exist for architecture, arts and archeology, East Asian studies, engineering, music, public and international affairs, public policy and university archives, and science. In an effort to expand access, this library also subscribes to thousands of electronic resources. In February 2007, Princeton became the 12th major library system to join Google's ambitious project to scan the world's great literary works and make it searchable via the Web.
Ratings
From 2001 to 2017, Princeton University was ranked first or second among national universities by the US. News & amp; World Report (USNWR), holds the top position for 15 of those 17 years (single # 1 ten times, # 1 tied to Harvard five times). Princeton was ranked first in the latest 2017 US. News Rank, and # 1 ranking in 2015, 2016 and 2017 for "best undergraduate teaching". In the 2015-16 Times Higher Education assessment at the world's largest universities, Princeton was ranked 6th. In 2016/17 QS World University Rankings , it is ranked 11th overall in the world.
In the ranking of "Upper Colleges America" ​​by Forbes by 2016, Princeton University ranks third among all national colleges and universities, having held number one for several years.
In 2015 US. News & amp; World Report "Graduate School Rankings", all thirteen of Princeton's evaluated doctoral programs are ranked in their top 20, 8 of them above 5, and 4 of them in top positions (Economics, History, Mathematics, Sociology).
In the Princeton Review on the "softer" aspect of college student experience, Princeton University ranks first in "Happy Students with Financial Aid" and the third in "The Most Happy Student" behind Clemson and Brown.
Princeton was ranked as the top-ranked 360 in the United States by Payscale and CollegeNet Social Mobility Index rankings.
Princeton was ranked 7th among the 300 Best World Universities in 2011 compiled by Human Resources & amp; Labor Overview (HRLR) on Measuring 300 Leading Universities in the World.
Princeton University has an IBM BlueGeneL supercomputer, called Orangena , which ranked 89th fastest computer in the world in 2005 (LINPACK performance of 4713 compared to 12250 for other US universities and 280600 for the top-ranked supercomputer, owned by the US Department of Energy).
Institutes
Princeton Environmental Institute
The Princeton Environmental Institute (PEI) is the "center of environmental, education, and interdisciplinary research" at Princeton University.
PEI began in 1994. Around 90 faculty members at Princeton University are affiliated with it.
PEI research center
The Princeton Environmental Institute has the following research centers:
- Carbon Mitigation Initiative (CMI): This is a 15 year partnership between PEI and British Petroleum with the aim of finding solutions to climate change related issues. The Wedge Stabilizer Game has been created as part of this initiative.
- BioComplexity Center (CBC)
- Cooperative Institute for Climate Science (CICS): This is a collaboration with the Geophysical Geophysics Laboratory of the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration.
- Energy Systems Analysis Group
- Big Challenges
receipt of PEI
PEI scholars are often cited in publications such as The New York Times and Wall Street Journal.
Student life and culture
University housing is guaranteed for all students for all four years. Over 98 percent of students live on campus in dormitories. Freshmen and sophomores should stay in college dormitories, while juniors and seniors usually stay in designated senior dormitories. The hostel is actually comparable, but only the residential campus has a dining room. Nevertheless, every scholar can buy a meal plan and eat in the dining room of the residential campus. Recently, older siblings have been given the option to remain in their college for four years. Juniors and seniors also have the option of staying off-campus, but high rent in the Princeton area encourages almost all students to live in university housing. The undergraduate social life revolves around a residential campus and a number of coeducation dining clubs, which students can choose to join in their second year spring. Club dining, which is not officially affiliated with the university, serves as a dining room and communal space for their members and also organizes social events throughout the academic year.
The six campuses of Princeton house accommodate various activities and social events, guest speakers, and travel. The residential college also sponsors a trip to New York for students to see ballet, opera, Broadway shows, sporting events, and other activities. The dining clubs, located on Prospect Avenue, are a joint organization for seniors. Most older brothers eat their meals at one of eleven clubs. In addition, the club serves as a night and weekend social place for members and guests.
Princeton hosted two United Nations Model conferences, PMUNC in the fall for high school and PDI students in the spring for college students. It also hosts the Princeton Invitational Speech and Debate tournament annually at the end of November. Princeton also runs the Princeton Model Congress, an event held once a year in mid-November. The 4-day conference has high school students from all over the country as participants.
Princeton supports organized athletics on three levels: inter-college universities, inter-college clubs, and intramural. It also provides "a variety of physical education and recreation programs" for members of the Princeton community. According to the mission statement of the athletic program, Princeton aims for students participating in athletics to become "'student athletes' in the fullest sense of the phrase." Most undergraduates participate in athletics at some level.
The Princeton colors are orange and black. The school athlete is known as Tiger , and his mascot is a tiger. The Princeton government considers naming the mascot in 2007, but the effort was dropped in the face of opposition alumni.
Varsity
Princeton is a NCAA Division I school. The athletics conference is the Ivy League. Princeton hosts 38 sports of male and female vocalities. The biggest sports varsity is rowing, with nearly 150 athletes.
The Princeton football team has a long and storied history. Princeton played against Rutgers University in the first inter-university soccer match in the US on November 6, 1869. With a score of 6-4, Rutgers won the game, played by rules similar to modern rugby. Today Princeton is a member of the NCAA I Football Division Football Division I. At the end of the 2010 season, Princeton has won 26 national soccer championships, more than any other school.
The men's basketball program was noted for his success under Pete Carril, head coach from 1967 to 1996. During this time, Princeton won 13 Ivy League titles and made 11 NCAA tournament appearances. Carril introduced the Princeton offense, an offensive strategy that has since been adopted by a number of college and professional basketball teams. Carril's final victory at Princeton came as the Tigers defeated UCLA, the defending national champion, in the opening round of the 1996 NCAA tournament, in what is considered one of the biggest disruptions in tournament history. Recently Princeton tied a record for the fewest points in the Division I game since the three-point line in 1986-87, when the Tigers scored 21 points in losses against Monmouth University on 14 December 2005.
The Princeton women's soccer team advanced to the NCAA Division I Women's Soccer Championship Championship in 2004, the only Ivy League team to do in the 64-team tournament. This season is led by former US National Team member Esmeralda Negron, Olympic National Team Member Canada Olympic champion Diana Matheson and coach Julie Shackford. The Tiger boys' soccer team was trained for years by Princeton alumni and United States men's future national team manager Bob Bradley.
The men's water polo team is currently the dominant force in the Collegiate Water Polo Association, having reached the Four Final in two of the past three years. Similarly, the men's lacrosse program enjoyed a period of dominance from 1992 to 2001, during which time it won six national championships.
Club and intramural
In addition to university sports, Princeton hosts around 35 club sports teams. The Princeton rugby team is organized as a sports club.
Every year, nearly 300 teams participate in intramural sports at Princeton. Intramurals are open to Princeton faculty members, staff and students, although the team representing the housing campus or the dining club should only consist of members of the campus or the club. Several leagues with different levels of competitiveness are also available.
Songs
Prominent among a number of songs that are regularly played and sung at various events such as starters, meetings, and athletics games is Princeton Cannon Song, a song of Princeton University struggle.
Bob Dylan wrote "Day of The Locusts" (for his 1970s album New Morning ) about his experience receiving an honorary doctorate from the University. This is a reference to the negative experience he had and it mentions the infestations of Brood X Princeton's crickets having it's June 1970.
"Old Nassau"
"Old Nassau" has been a Princeton University national anthem since 1859. His words were written that year by new student Harlan Page Peck and published in the March issue of Nassau Literary Review (Princeton's oldest student publication and also the second oldest bachelor literary magazine in the country). Words and music appeared together for the first time in Old Nassau Songs , published in April 1859. Before the song Langlotz was written, the song was sung to Auld Lang Syne < i melody, which is also suitable.
However, Old Nassau does not just refer to the national anthem. It can also refer to Nassau Hall, a building built in 1756 and named William III of the House of Orange-Nassau. When it was built, it was the largest college building in North America. It served briefly as the capital of the United States when the Continental Congress convened there in the summer of 1783. With metonymy, the term could refer to the university as a whole. Finally, it could also refer to a chemical reaction nicknamed "Old Nassau Reaction" because the solution turns orange and then becomes black.
Famous alumni and faculty
US President James Madison and Woodrow Wilson and Vice President Aaron Burr graduate from Princeton, as well as Michelle Obama, former First Lady of the United States. Former US Supreme Court Justice Oliver Ellsworth is an alumnus, such as current US Supreme Court Justice, Samuel Alito, Elena Kagan, and Sonia Sotomayor. Alumnus Jerome Powell was appointed Chairman of the US Federal Reserve Board in 2018.
Princeton graduates play a leading role in the American Revolution, including the first and last Colonels by Patriot Philip Johnston and Nathaniel Scudder, as well as the highest ranking civilian leader on the English side David Mathews.
Leading graduates from Princeton's School of Engineering and Applied Science include Apollo astronauts and Apollo 12 commander Pete Conrad, CEO and Founder of Amazon Jeff Bezos, Google Chief Eric Schmidt, and Lisa P. Jackson, former Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency.
Actor Jimmy Stewart, Wentworth Miller, José Ferrer, David Duchovny, Brooke Shields, and Graham Phillips graduated from Princeton as well as composer and pianist Richard Aaker Trythall. The alumni footballer, Diana Matheson, scored the winning goal of a match that Canada won their Olympic bronze medal in 2012.
Writers Booth Tarkington, F. Scott Fitzgerald, and Eugene O'Neill were present but did not graduate. Selden Edwards and Will Stanton graduated with an English degree. American novelist Jodi Picoult graduated in 1987.
Well-known graduate alumni include Imee Marcos, Pedro Pablo Kuczynski, Richard Feynman, Lee Iacocca, John Nash, Alonzo Church, Alan Turing, Terence Tao, Edward Witten, John Milnor, John Bardeen, Steven Weinberg, John Tate, and David Petraeus. The nobles such as Prince Ghazi bin Muhammad, Prince Moulay Hicham of Morocco, Prince Turki bin Faisal Al Saud, and Queen Noor of Jordan have also attended Princeton.
Leading faculty members include P. Adams Sitney, Angus Deaton, Joyce Carol Oates, Cornel West, Robert Keohane, Anthony Grafton, Peter Singer, Jhumpa Lahiri, Michael Mullen, Robert P. George, and Andrew Wiles. Famous faculty members include John Witherspoon, Walter Kaufmann, John von Neumann, Ben Bernanke, Paul Krugman, Joseph Henry, Toni Morrison, John P. Lewis, and alumnus Woodrow Wilson, who also served as University president from 1902-1910.
Albert Einstein, although at the faculty at the Institute for Advanced Study rather than at Princeton, was eventually associated with the university through frequent lectures and campus visits.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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