Girl Scouts from the United States ( GSUSA ), commonly referred to as Girl Scouts , is a youth organization for girls in American States and American girls who live abroad. Founded by Juliette Gordon Low in 1912, the organization was organized after Low met Robert Baden-Powell, founder of Scouting, in 1911. Upon returning to Savannah, Georgia, he called his distant cousin, saying, "I have something for girls Savannah, and all of America, and the rest of the world, and we'll start tonight! "
Scouts prepare girls to empower themselves and promote compassion, courage, confidence, character, leadership, entrepreneurship, and active citizenship through activities involving camping, community service, first aid learning, and earning badges by acquiring practical skills. The achievements of Girl Scouts' are recognized with numerous special awards, including the Girl Scouts, Silver, and Bronze Awards.
Girl Scout membership is organized by class, with activities designed for each level. GSUSA is a member of the World Association of Girl Guides and Girl Scouts (WAGGGS) and accepts girls from all backgrounds.
The 1994 Chronicle of Philanthropy poll showed Girl Scouts classified by the public as the most popular "charity/nonprofit" among more than 100 charities. It describes itself as "the world's leading organization dedicated entirely to girls."
Video Girl Scouts of the USA
History
American Girl Guides
Girl Scouting in the United States began on March 12, 1912, when Juliette "Daisy" Gordon Low organized the first Girl Guide guides meeting of 18 girls in Savannah, Georgia. It has since grown to 3.7 million members. Low, who met Baden-Powell in London when he lived in England, dreamed of giving the United States and the world "something for all girls." He envisioned an organization that would take the girls out of their homes to serve their communities, experience out-of-doors, and have the opportunity to develop "independence and intelligence." From the beginning, Scouts have been organized and run exclusively by women, for girls and women.
Juliette Gordon Low is the granddaughter of Juliette Magill Kinzie and John Harris Kinzie, whose childhood family was one of the early settlers of Chicago, IL. Juliette Kinzie writes about her experience in the Northwest Territories (now the state of Wisconsin) in her book Wau-Bun: The Early Day . Some of her grandchildren, Juliette Gordon Low, knew firsthand about her grandmother's experience at the border incorporated into the early Scouts and traditions. Early home Juliette Low grandparents can be visited May 15 to October 15 in Portage, Wisconsin.
In late 1912, Low suggested that Camp Fire Girls join the Girl Guides but was rejected in January 1913 because Camp Fire was a larger group. Next, Low attempted to merge his organization with Girl Scouts of America founded in Des Moines, Iowa by Clara Lisetor-Lane. He thought their similarities would make this easier but Lisetor-Lane felt Daisy imitated his organization and threatened to sue. Lisetor-Lane later claimed Low's organization lured members away but GSA's growth was limited by the lack of financial resources that led to its eventual destruction.
Girls Girl Scouts United States
The Girl Guides of America in 1913 changed its name to Girl Scouts of the United States and moved its headquarters to Washington, DC. In 1915 the organization was incorporated and the national headquarters moved to New York City. The name reached its current form, the Girl Scouts of the United States, in 1947. The organization was given the congressional charter on March 16, 1950.
GSUSA starts with 18 members. Within months, members climbed through the forest in knee-deep blue uniforms, played basketball in a curtained court, and made camping trips. In 1916, Low set up an aviation badge - even before women could vote. By 1920, there were nearly 70,000 members. In 1923 the organization had branches in every state in unions, Alaska, Hawaii, and Puerto Rico, and a total membership of 125,738. In 1930, the number reached more than 200,000. In 2013 there were over 3.2 million Girl Scouts: 2.3 million female members and 890,000 adult members in the United States. More than 50 million American women have participated in Girl Scouts. Through its membership in the WAGGGS, GSUSA girls and adults are among the 10 million members in 146 countries.
The name and age of the level and the larger structure of the program have changed significantly over time. In 1923, the Scouts were organized into patrols, troops, local councils, and the National Council. The troops were initially quite independent before joining together into small councils, which recently merged to form a larger council. Today there are more than 100 councils across the US.
Juliette Gordon Low's Birthplace, located in Savannah, Georgia, in the former Gordon family home, became the center of the National Girl Scouts program in 1956. It provides tours to thousands of Scouts every year. After Low's death in 1927, he wanted a carriage house, which would eventually become The Girl Scout First Headquarters, to the local Savannah Girl Scouts to continue to use. In 1923 the national headquarters was located at 189 Lexington Avenue, New York.
World War II
During World War II, 1943-1945, many young Japanese girls were confined in internment camps with their families. The Scout troops are organized, even in these camps. These girls participated in many activities, including a dramatic presentation that took place at Crystal City Internment Camp in Crystal City, Texas.
Desegregation
Most Girl Scouts units were originally separated by race according to state and local laws and customs. The first troops for African American girls were founded in 1917; the first American Indian troops were formed in New York State in 1921; and the first army for Mexican Americans was formed in Houston, Texas, in 1922. In 1933, Josephine Groves Holloway founded an unofficial African American troop in Tennessee. He also completely outlined the board of the Cumberland Valley in 1962. The first official African American forces in the South were founded in 1932 in Richmond, Virginia by Lena B. Watson and led initially by Lavnia Banks, a teacher from Armstrong High School. It first met at Hartshorn Hall at Virginia Union University.
In the 1950s, GSUSA had begun a significant national effort to decipher the camps and maintain a racial balance. One of the first desegregations, completed by Murray Walls in 1956, was Camp Shantituck in Kentucky. Later in the same year, Martin Luther King, Jr. describes Girl Scout Girl as "power for desegregation". In 1969, the National Scout initiative named Action 70 was made to eliminate prejudice. Gloria D. Scott, an African American, was elected the national president of the Scouts in 1975.
Wing Scouts
The Wing Scout program is the Senior Girl Scout program for girls interested in flying and wants to serve their country that began in 1941 and ended in the 1970s. In July 1942, 29 leaders of troops from 15 states met in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, to attend Wing Scout leadership training. They returned to their councils and began to set up the Scout Wing army. In 1959, the Girl Scouts council in North San Mateo County, California, was presented with an offer from United Airlines San Francisco Management Club President J. L. Burnside to start the flight program for Senior Girl Scouts. One of the highlights of the Wings Scout program is the courtesy flight given to Girls Senior Girl Scouts using United Airlines jets. For many girls, this is the first time they fly by plane. Senior Girl Scouts who have been on the program for three years are given the opportunity to take control during the flight on a small plane. The program was discontinued after United Airlines suffered a financial downturn in the 1970s.
Maps Girl Scouts of the USA
Age level
The program was originally for girls aged 10 to 18 years, but later divided into three levels. Brownies (for younger girls) are based on a program developed in England in 1914 and officially recognized in the mid 1920s. At the same time, girls over 18, or more than 16 if First Class Scouts, are known as Senior Scouts. In 1938, the age division was: Brownies (ages 7 to 9), Intermediates (ages 10 to 13), and Elderly (ages 14 to 18).
In 1965 the age structure was rearranged into Brownies (ages 7 and 8, or grades 2 and 3), Juniors (ages 9 to 11, or 4th to 6th grade), Cadettes (ages 11 to 14, or 7 to 9), and Elderly (ages 14 to 18, or 10 to 12). In the early 1970s, Brownie's rate was extended to girls six years or in the first grade, and Daisy's program for kindergarten children or those five years old was introduced in 1984. The Daisy program started as a pilot program called Pixies in the year 1976.
In 2003, Studio 2B programs for girls aged 11 to 17 were introduced to Cadets and Elderly. Studio 2B allows women to call themselves by whatever name they choose, including but not limited to "Studio 2B," "Young Women Scouts," or Cadets and Elderly. Under the Studio 2B program, girls can work on traditional badges and Studio 2B activities, and the Silver Award and Gold Award requirements are rewritten to request both. Studio 2B activities differ from badges in two ways: each booklet focuses on topics such as environmentalism or self-confidence rather than being; and to get every charm of Studio 2B, Scout Girls should select activities from the booklet and then meet the relevant destination with the booklet topic. He will make his own plans to accomplish his goals, following basic planning procedures called SMART (specific, measurable, achievable, realistic, timely).
On October 1, 2008, all levels were renamed "Girl Scout" as the beginning of their name, for example, Girl Scout Brownies, not Brownie Scout Boys, and all levels based only on classes not by age or class. The new level, Girl Scout Ambassadors, was created for girls in grades 11 and 12 (about 16 to 18 years old), with Senior Boy Scouts only in the ninth and tenth grade (about 14 to 16 years old) and sixth graders reclassified from the Junior to Cadette to match the grade level of the school. (At this time, sixth grade is considered secondary school rather than primary school.) The new rate was tried in about six councils in spring 2008 and used nationally after October 1, 2008.
Although troop membership is always and is still the most common way to participate in Girl Scouting, girls who do not have local troops, or who do not want or have time to participate in traditional troop activities, can still register as Scout Girls individually. Girl Scouts Individuals were known in the early years of Scouting as Lone Scouts and later as Juliette; they attend activities independently and work individually on badges and awards. In 2015-2016, Juliette's term is phased out in favor of the Independent Girl Scouts term.
Campus Girl Scout Program enables women (age 18 and older) to be active in Scouting while in college. Campus Girl Scouting is an organization that helps promote and build student engagement in communities, local councils, and campuses through services.
Mariner Scouts
The 20th National Council of GSUSA launched the Mariner Scout program in October 1934. Similar to the Children's Scout, this program is designed for older Scout Scouts who are interested in water-based outdoor activities. At the end of 1934, 12 registered Mariner ships and the first two guidebooks, Launching the Scout Mariner Ship and Mapping the Ship Ship Mariner Ship, were published. The Mariner Girl Scout program remains active but in a smaller form; most women have joined Sea Scouting, who has been a student since 1971.
Custom programs
There are programs for girls in unusual situations that make it difficult for them to participate in standard programs. The Out-of-School Scout Program helps imprisoned mothers get in touch with their mothers and help mothers participate in Scouting activities. Another program, Girl Scouts in Detention Centers, allows girls in detention centers to participate in Scouting. Other initiatives try to help girls in rural areas or in public housing. There are also programs for American girls living abroad.
Organizational structure
The national organization has its headquarters in New York City. It is headed by a chief executive officer and 40 members of the national board of directors. Sylvia Acevedo is currently the chief executive officer, and officially appointed in May 2017. The chairman of the national board of directors, the highest volunteer position, is Kathy Hopinkah Hannan.
Under the national organization is the council, which covers most countries or geographical regions. Some councils own and run camps for troops within their area of ​​responsibility. Councils are usually divided into several areas, called environments, service units, or associations (varied terms), which is a program delivery territory composed of troops at all age levels in smaller areas, such as cities.
The base unit is a troop that may or may not be sponsored. Unlike Carter-cartered organizations, spammers troop sponsors do not have troops. The size of troops ranges from as small as 5 to 30 or more girls and can be divided into patrols of 8 or fewer girls.
Rearrange
In 2004, Girl Scouts from the US hired consultants "to help Scouts develop strategies to ensure future success and growth." They set targets and apply ways to change the organization for the better. In addition, six "pause teams" see how the Scouts can improve their structure to prepare for future growth and organizational success. This follows a decline in membership and income, as well as the challenge of subsidizing programs for girls in the city. Government gap teams find that consolidation reduces confusion and provides economies of scale, and recommends optimal board size of around 10,000 girls. In 2006, there were 312 regional Women's Scout councils, which had 236,000 local troops and other groups.
As part of the 2006 reorganization, the national board of directors consolidated 312 councils to 109 councils.
This is not without resistance; Manitou Girl Scout council in Wisconsin sued the national GSUSA in a federal district court, accusing the violation of the Scout charter. Although the lawsuit was rejected by prejudice by the district court, the 7th US Appeals Court annulled the decision, stating that the Women's Scout Council agreement "is no different from Donkin's Dunkin franchise." The appellate court's decision retains the status of the Manitou board. As a result, there are 112 Women's Scout councils in the United States.
Insignia
Appointments, Laws, Motto and Slogan
Promise
The Girl Scout Promise can be created in English, Spanish, or in American Sign Language with the same meaning.
The Promise is often recited at Scout troop encounters holding the three middle fingers of the right hand, which form the Scout mark. The Scouting Policy states that the organization does not support or promote a particular philosophy or religious belief. This movement is nonsektarian, founded on the principles of American democracy, one of which is freedom of religion. In this context, the word "God" can be interpreted by each of the Scouts depending on their individual spiritual beliefs, and the Scouts are free to replace words consistent with their beliefs, such as "Creator," "my faith," "God," etc.
The purpose of Girl Scouts is to help girls pursue four goals: to develop their full potential; connect with others by enhancing understanding, skills and respect; develop a meaningful set of values ​​to guide their actions and make sound decisions; and contribute to the improvement of society.
Hukum
The Girl Scout Law has changed several times since 1912. The original Girl Scout Law written by Juliette Gordon Low is:
The Girl Scout Law
- The Girl Scout Girl's honor must be trusted
- Faithful Scout Girl
- The job of a Girl Scout Girl is to be useful and helpful to others
- Girl Scout is a friend to all, and a sister to every other girl who cares no matter what social class she may have
- A Girl Scout is polite
- A Girl Scout makes itself pure
- Girl Scout is a friend for animals
- A Girl Scout obeys the command
- A cheerful Girl Scout
- A Girl Scout is frugal
Motto
Be prepared.
Slogan
Make a good turn every day.
Scout uniform
For girls aged 5 to 14, the unifying look includes wearing a selection of tunics, vests, sashes to pin and official awards, combined with a solid white shirt and khakis or khaki skirts. Girl Scouts in high school can also wear scarves that unite their looks with the Girl Scout Girl's fraternity around the world. For adult members the uniform display of uniforms is the official Scout or official Scout tie for men, subject to official membership pin, combined with their own navy blue business suits. Girl Scout Girls at Daisy and Brownie levels will continue to have a complete uniform ensemble available.
Women's Scout Uniform has changed significantly over the years from native blue navy in 1912, becoming khaki in 1914, becoming a familiar green. Evolution has incorporated a uniform with a specificity to appoint every age level of the Boy Scouts. Since 2008, Scouts at each level have one needed element (tunic, sling or vest) to display the pin and official award that will be required when the girls participate in the ceremony or officially represent the Scout Movement.
For all levels, the award received will be in front of the vest or sling following an official placement. A fun patch can be displayed on the back of a vest or sling. Girl Scouts Aster can choose blue vest or work suit with full uniform or white shirt and khakis and skirts. They have their own Daisy pins and accessories options. Girl Scout Brownies can choose traditional brown vests or sashes to wear with historic Brownie pins and other uniform pieces or white shirts and khakis or skirts. Girl Scout Junior wears an official vest or sling to display a badge including awards, plus a white shirt and khakis or skirts. Girl Scout, Senior, and Ambassador can choose a khaki sash or vest to go with khakis or skirts and a white shirt.
Adult uniforms also changed, with registered women and men dressed in dark blue business suits, again from their regular clothes. Also available for women are official sweaters and emblem scarves, while men have the option of an official tie.
Logos
The symbol designed by Juliette Low was the only symbol used for Scout pins until 1980. At the 1978 GSUSA National Convention, the use of two logos was chosen, allowing Scouts to choose what they wanted to use as their Scout pins (for Girl Scout Junior and up).
The Girl Scouts of USA logo today is the original logo rejuvenation based on Saul Bass 1978 design, Bass became a graphic designer known for his movie title and the design of various other famous logos. In 2010, hair and face styles updated by Jennifer Kinon and Bobby C. Martin, Jr. The Original Champions of Design.
Activities and programs
One of the original and continuing Scout Girl Scout attractions are girls becoming skilled adventurers and participating in many outdoor activities such as canoeing or partying with their troops. Troops undertake service projects such as conducting flag ceremonies, collecting food for food drives, visiting nursing homes, and Christmas caroling or other community services. Troops can also plan and make long trips in the United States or even to other countries. Troops may organize cultural or learning events such as first aid training or attending live theater. The Women's Scout activities that are best known to the general public are the annual sales of Girl Scout Cookies, which began in 1917 as a money-making opportunity for councils and troops.
Scout and STEM
In recent years, Scouts have incorporated STEM-related programs and badges to encourage Scout interests in the STEM field. From 2005 to 2007, more than 8.6 million STEM-related badges were sold. However the first Scout badge associated with STEM can be traced back to Electrician Badge and Flyer 1913. The first computer-related badges appeared in the 1980s. In 2001, The Girl Scout Research Institute, published a 36-page report on the need for more encouragement to make girls in technology. The bigger impetus for the STEM program came after the 2012 study by the Girl Scout Research Institute reported that 74% of teenage girls are interested in a course in STEM subjects while only 25% of STEM industry jobs are held by women. Recent efforts to encourage interest in the STEM field among Scouts include partnerships with companies such as NASA, AT & amp; T, and Lockheed Martin. NASA specifically paired Scouts with the SETI Institute to create a five-year space education program called "Reaching for the Stars: NASA Science for Girl Scouts." The latest impetus to help Scouts envision the future at STEM is Scouting at the International Consumer Electronics Exhibition in January 2016 to showcase Digital Cookie 2.0, a website created in partnership with Dell and Visa, which helps Scouts manage online cake businesses.
The Girl Scouts currently has thirty-six badges under the STEM category. Naturalist, Digital Arts, Science and Technology, Innovation and Literacy Finance badges are all listed on the Girl Scout website as a badge category that can be tied to STEM lessons and projects.
In June 2017, Girl Scouts announced a partnership with Palo Alto Networks to create 18 cyber security badges in September 2018.
Destination
Once known as the "Wider Opportunity" or Ops Open, Goal is a travel opportunity for the older Girl Scouts. Destinations are held in the United States and in other countries. The goals are mainly international, outside, science, people, or apprentices oriented, like kayaking in Alaska, or career-oriented like learning about working for NASA.
The "destination" is probably a trip to one of the World WAGGGS Centers:
- Our Cabaà ± a in Cuernavaca, Mexico
- Our chalet in Adelboden, Switzerland
- Pax Lodge in London, England
- Sangam World Center in Pune, India
Tradition
The Girl Scouts of USA has many habits and traditions: camping, community service, singing, and earning money to support their activities. The Girl Scout Handshake and Scout signals for silence are two divided by WAGGGS member organizations. Other traditions include Circle Friendship with "extortion," picking up homemade bandanas and crunches on camping trips, and friend systems.
"Bridging" is a process from one level to another. Bridging is usually done at the troop level, although bridgings are often held. The bridging girls walked across the bridge to their new level and were greeted with Scout Hand Game. There is a famous bridging ceremony held in San Francisco, as the GS Juniors bridge to Cadet GS over the Golden Gate Bridge.
World Thinking Day and "Girl Scouts' Own" are a worldwide tradition of Girl Scouting. World Thinking Day has happened every year since 1926 on February 22, the second birthday of Robert Baden-Powell and Olave Baden-Powell. On World Thinking Day, Scouts and Guides around the world think about their sisters in other countries; The councils or local service units (associations) hold celebrations on or near today, in which each participating force gives a presentation on the culture and customs of a country chosen by the troops. Many Scouts in America celebrate Juliette Gordon Low's birthday on October 31st, Founder's Day. Parties often include girls in Halloween dresses, and serve birthday cakes.
A "Girl Scouts' Own" is a special ceremony that expresses the Scout spirit as the girls reflect their feelings about the Scouts and the world around them. The "Scout Girl" itself "can have any theme, or not at all.This is a solemn time given to Scouts to create their own moments.This can be held anytime and includes women's troops or held at every inter-troop meeting.
Badges & amp; Other Awards
All levels of Scouts can earn badges. Each level has a special badge that can be obtained. Aster gets a flower-shaped badge. Brownies get a triangular shaped badge. Juniors earned a circle badge. Cadets get badges shaped like diamonds. Elderly get a badge that is shaped like a rectangle. The ambassador gets the badge shaped like a box.
Assigned Badges and Awards are worn on the front of the Scout vest (or sling). Fun Patches works on the back of the vest. Aster wore blue vest. Brownies wearing brown vests. Junior wore a green vest. Cadets, Seniors, and Ambassadors wear khaki vests. For Cadettes, Senior, and Ambassadors, a Scout can choose to wear the same khaki vest for all three levels. Active Girl Scouts, who get a lot of badges, can choose to get new khaki vests as they change the levels so they have more space to show their appreciation.
Skill Skill Badges
Journey Awards
Each level of Girl Scouting has several Journey programs. A Journey is a series of specific subject lessons. The Journey consists of several parts and all parts of Journey must be obtained to be complete. A Girl Scout that completes three Journey on one level produces Pin Peak. Before starting work on Bronze, Silver or Gold Awards projects, Scouts must complete one Trip at their level. A Girl Scout who does not get his Silver Award must complete two Journeys at his current level, not one, working on a Gold Award.
Additional Awards
Girl Scouts can earn other rewards, usually represented by pins. Some of these awards are: Torch Leadership, Community Service Bar, Service for Girl Scouts, Bronze Cross, Metal of Honor, Cookie Activity Pin, Safety Pin, My Promise, Pin of My Faith, Counselor in Training I & amp; II, Volunteers in Training, World Thinking Day Awards, and Global Action Award.
Girl Scouts can also obtain and display their uniform awards from outside organizations, such as religious symbols from religious organizations, or the President's Voluntary Service Award.
Top Rated
The highest achievement in Girl Scouting is the Princess Scout Gold Award, which can only be obtained by Girl Scouts and Girl Scout Ambassadors. The highest award for Girl Scout Cadettes is the Silver Award, and the Bronze Award is the highest award for Girl Scout Juniors. This award requires a large-scale service project that demonstrates leadership along with service hours.
The Girl Scout Gold Award is the highest award that can be awarded by Scout Girl. This award can be obtained by Senior Girl Scout Girl and Girl Scout Ambassador. This prestigious award represents the Scout's dedication and commitment to Scouting and to its community. Generating a Princess Scout Gold Award requires hard work and a willingness to take on significant responsibilities. For many people, the leadership and organizational skills and sense of community and commitment that comes from obtaining the Gold Award sets the basis for a lifetime of active citizenship. The Gold Award project takes a minimum of 80 hours to complete.
The Silver Award, the highest award that Girl Scout Cadette can give, gives girls a chance to do great things and make their community better in the process. The Silver Award invites participants through a seven-step process: identifying problems, building Silver Scout Silver Award teams, exploring community needs, selecting projects, developing projects, making plans, and implementing them. The Silver Award project takes at least 50 hours to complete.
The Bronze Award, the highest award that Girl Scout Junior can award, requires girls to learn the leadership and planning skills needed to follow up on projects that have a positive impact on their communities. Working towards this award demonstrates the Scout's commitment to helping others, enhancing its community and the world, and being the best that it can be. The Bronze Award Project takes at least 20 hours to complete.
Adult identifier
There are also GS awards for adults including: Extraordinary Volunteers, Extraordinary Leaders, Award Pin, Honorary Pin, Thank You Badge, and Thank You Bad II. Extraordinary Volunteers are given for outstanding service as Scout volunteers (other than a leader). Exceptional leaders are awarded for outstanding service as Scout leaders. Appreciation Pin is awarded for extraordinary performance beyond expectations for that position. Honor Pin recognizes an adult member who has provided extraordinary service beyond the expectation of two or more geographical areas, service units or program delivery audiences in a way that is further away from the board's objectives. Thank you Badge recognize outstanding service for two or more "service units". Different GS boards use different terminologies for territory within their councils. Thanks Badge II is given when the recipient has received the Thank You Badge and the receiving service continues to receive further recognition. At least one nomination, two support, and a review form are required for each of these awards.
Effects on American life
Among the many famous American Scout Girls are Dakota Fanning, Lucille Ball, Katie Couric, and Elizabeth Dole. Many Scouts have become successful leaders in various professional fields such as law, medicine, politics, journalism, and science. Started with Lou Henry Hoover, the first lady in power has served as Honorary President of GSUSA. Lou Henry Hoover was also the actual Scouting President from 1922 to 1925 and Chairman of the National Council from 1925 to 1928.
During World War I and World War II, girls involved in the Scouts helped the Allied forces by selling defense bonds, cultivating a winning garden, and collecting waste fat and scrap metal. Girl Scouts also spread their values ​​into their communities through community service projects such as public kitchens and food.
More than twenty NASA career astronauts are former Boy Scouts. The first American woman into space was a former Scout, Dr. Kathryn Sullivan.
American Girl
From 1917 to 1979, the Scouts published a magazine, originally called The Rally (1917-1920) and then The American Girl, with "The" then dropped (but not being confused with the magazine American Girl published today). At one time this magazine had the largest circulation of any magazine devoted to teenage girls.
Girls Girl Scout Senior Roundups
International Girl Scout Meetings named Senior Roundup are held every three years from 1956 to 1965:
- Milford, Michigan (1956) attended by 5,000 women
- Colorado Springs, Colorado, from 3 July 1959 to 12 July 1959, with 10,000 women
- Button Bay, Vermont from July 18, 1962 to July 31, 1962, with 9,000 girls
- Farragut Reservation, Idaho, from July 17, 1965 to July 26, 1965, with 12,000 women
Problems
Sectarianism
When Scout Girls were first organized, the organization claimed to be "non-sectarian in practice as well as theory". In the early 1920s, the Catholic Girl Scouts unit had been established in New York, Philadelphia, Washington, and other cities. In the 1920s only about 2,000 Catholic Scouts.
There are no official statements on sexuality and gender issues
Girl Scouts of USA stated in a letter in October 1991:
As a private organization, US Girl Scouts appreciate the value and beliefs of each of its members and do not interfere with personal affairs. Therefore, there is no membership policy on sexual preferences. However, the US Scouts have a strong standard associated with the proper behavior of volunteers and adult staff. The Women's Scout Organization does not allow or allow any sexual performance by its members during Scouting activities, nor does it allow advocacy or promotion of personal lifestyles or sexual preferences. This is a private matter for girls and their families to overcome.
GSUSA upholds the "do not ask, do not evangelical" policy of sexuality. The debate on this issue is divided between those who feel that policies should avoid and prevent discrimination on the basis of sexual orientation, and those who question the entry of lesbians.
In October 2011, the Colorado Scout Council publicly stated, "If a child identifies as a girl and the children's family presents it as a girl, Colorado Scout Girls greet him as a Boy Scout", when overturning local troops' refusal of a seven-year-old transgender girl. In July 2015, Scout Girl from Western Washington returned a $ 100,000 donation after the donor determined that the money could not be used to support the service for the transgender scout. The group then formed an online fundraising campaign to recover the lost funds, eventually collecting $ 250,000.
In January 2012, a teenager in California made a video calling for Girl Scout Cookies boycott in response to the 'Scouting' policy for transgender women. The viral video became a call for supporters and opponents of the group's attitude toward transgender members. In February 2016, Robert James Carlson, the Roman Catholic archbishop of St. Roman Louis, urged parishioners to sever ties with the Coach Scouts over the embrace of LGBT rights groups.
Girl Scouts themselves defend their actions against this. "For 100 years, Scouts have prided themselves on being an inclusive organization that serves girls from all walks of life.We handle cases involving transgender children on a case-by-case basis, focusing on ensuring the well-being and the best interests of the child in question and other girls in the army as our highest priority. "
"To Serve God" in Appointments
In early 1992, the Totem Girl Scout Council advised to change the promise to allow unbelieving monotheistic god girls to join. In November 1992, Nitzya Cuevas-Macias's parents sued their daughter for permission to participate even though she refused to promise to serve the Lord.
On October 23, 1993, the Girl Scouts Girl chose 1,560-375 to allow individuals to replace other words or phrases for "God" in their promises.
That is, since Scout organizations do not make an effort to interpret or define the word 'God' but encourage members to set themselves the nature of their spiritual beliefs, it is the Scouting policy of the United States that the individual when making the Girl Scout Promise can replace the words accordingly with their own spiritual beliefs for the word 'God'.
with the explanation that:
For some individuals, the word "God", no matter how broadly interpreted, does not reflect their spiritual beliefs appropriately. Since belief in spiritual principles is so important to Scouts, not words used to define those beliefs, it is important that every individual has an opportunity to assert that the beliefs in the words are meaningful to them.
It's important to maintain the Scout's spiritual foundation, but be inclusive of spiritual beliefs. This [policy change] does not take the word "God" from the Scout Promise. It gives people who want to do so the choice to express their commitment to the basic spiritual concept of the Movement with words or words that are more in line with their own beliefs. For example, one can say "my faith" or "God" or "the Creator".
Scouts of President B. LaRae Orullian made an official statement that the change was "a very strong statement that the Scouts continue to be at the forefront, and this is a continuing effort to show that we have power in diversity and that we are an inclusive organization."
Some groups consider that Scout Girls from the United States are not far enough in making Scouts open to non-believers; others that they have gone too far to get rid of God or that they violate the WAGGGS constitution. The WAGGGS Constitution requires members of the public to maintain a membership standard to enter a pledge similar to that stipulated by Baden-Powell, which includes the concept of obligation to God. The GSUSA policy adopted in 1993 led to the establishment of an alternative organization in 1995, American Heritage Girls who only accept leaders and organizations that agree with certain Christian faith statements. The organization has more than 5,000 members in 2006. According to the organization, membership in 2012 is over 18,000.
Prayer at meeting
The official Women Scout Policy does not prohibit or require prayer.
The Girl Scout organization does not support or promote a particular philosophy or religious belief. Our movement is secular and based on the principles of American democracy, one of which is freedom of religion.
Although Scouts have policies that support religious diversity, there is no policy by Scouts from the United States that prohibit or require the proverb or chant of grace, blessing, or prayer before meals by Scout members in troop/group settings, in Residents or camp days, or at meetings , conferences, and other big events. The decision to say grace, blessing, or prayer is done locally at the troop or group level, and should be sensitive to the spiritual beliefs of all participants.
Local objections to sex education programs sponsored by Planned Parenthood in Waco, Texas
GSUSA is not aligned with and does not support, at the national level, the reproductive health organization Planned Parenthood; Girl Scout Councils may choose to have or have no connection with Planned Parenthood. In 2003, in Waco, Texas, the local Bluebonnet Board was listed as a co-sponsor - with the Scout logo printed on promotional flyers - from Planned Parenthood of Central Texas event titled "Nobody's Fool '03: Dating, Love, Sex & amp; HIV. "[2] In 2004, the same Council promoted the Planned Parenthood educational event without giving money or sending Scouts to it. This was criticized by some supporters of the pro-life and social conservative movement, resulting in a local effort to boycott the Scout cake sold by the Bluebonnet Council. Waco residents responded to the boycott announced by purchasing the number of cakes recorded, and the Bluebonnet Council declined the promotion of the event. A month later, GSUSA CEO Kathy Cloninger resumed the NBC Today show, defending the Bluebonnet Council decision to break with Planned Parenthood.
National President
- Juliette Gordon Low (1915-1920)
- Anne Hyde Choate (1920-1922)
- Lou Henry Hoover (1922-1925) (1935-1937)
- Sarah Louise Arnold (1925-1926?) (Previously she was the first Dean of Simmons College (Massachusetts) (1901-1919))
- Mira Hoffman (1926? -1930) (Mrs. William H. Hoffman)
- Birdsall Otis Edey (1930-1935) (Mrs. Frederick Edey) (after quitting President, he became National Commissioner for Girl Scouts until his death in 1940)
- Henrietta Bates Brooke (1937? -1939) (Mrs. Frederick H. Brooke) (died 1967, her husband was architect Frederick H. Brooke who designed the Columbia War Memorial District)
- Mildred Mudd (1939-1941) (he later supported the establishment of Harvey Mudd College named after her husband, Harvey Seeley Mudd)
- Helen Means (1941-1945) (Mrs. Alan H. Means) Then chairman of the World Board (WAGGGS) (1952-1957)
- Harriet Rankin Ferguson (1946-1951) (Mrs. Vaughan C. Ferguson)
- Olivia Cameron Higgins Layton (1951-1957) (Mrs Roy F. Layton) (died 1975)
- Marjorie Mehne Culmer (1958-1963) (Mrs. Charles U. Culmer) (chairman of WAGGGS, died in 1994)
- Margaret W. Price (1963-1969) (Mrs. Holton R. Price Jr.) (died in 1973)
- Grace M. S. McKittrick MacNeil (1969-1972) (Mrs. Douglas H. MacNeil) (died 2000)
- Marjorie Motch (1972-1975)
- Gloria Randle Scott (1975-1978)
- Jane C. Shields Freeman (1978-1984) (her husband Orville Freeman)
- Betty Fuller Pilsbury (1984-1990), he received the Silver Buffalo Award in 1986.
- B. LaRae Orullian (1990-1996)
- Elinor Johnstone Ferdon (1996-1999)
- Connie L. Matsui (1999-2002)
- Cynthia B. Thompson (2002-2005)
- Patricia Diaz Dennis (2005-2008)
- Connie L. Lindsey (2008-2013)
- Kathy Hopinkah Hannan (2014-present)
Chief Executive Officers
The title has changed over the years.
National Secretary:
- Edith D. Johnston (June 1913 - June 1914)
- Cora Neal (June 1914 - June 1916)
- Montague Gammon (June 1916 - August 1917)
National Director:
- Abby Porter Leland (August 1917 - February 1919)
- Jane Deeter Rippin (February 1919 - November 1930)
- Josephine Schain (November 1930 - September 1935)
- Constance Rittenhouse (September 1935 - December 1950)
National Executive Director:
- Dorothy C. Stratton (December 1950 - July 1960)
- Sally Stickney Cortner (July 1960 - May 1961) (Interim)
- Louise A. Wood (May 1961 - April 1972)
- Dr. Cecily Cannan Selby (April 1972 - September 1975)
- Frank H. Kanis (September 1975 - July 1976) (Temporary)
- Frances Hesselbein (July 1976 - February 1990) was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1998 in part because of her work in Girl Scouts.
- Mary Rose Main (February 1990 - October 1997)
- Joel E. Becker (October 1997 - January 1998) (Interim)
- Marsha Johnson Evans (January 1998 - July 2002): retired rear admiral, leaving Scout to become president of the American Red Cross
Chief Executive Officers:
- Jackie Barnes (July 2002 - October 2003) (Temporary)
- Kathy Cloninger (October 2003 - November 2011)
- Anna Maria ChÃÆ'¡vez (November 2011 - June 2016)
- Sylvia Acevedo (July 2016 - present) (Expressed in temporary capacity from July 2016 - May 2017)
100th anniversary
GSUSA celebrated its 100th anniversary of its founding by Juliette Low with the "Bridge to the Second Century" event on November 13, 2011, at the GS National Convention in Houston and other sites around the country. The anniversary is also celebrated with participation in the world-renowned Pasadena, California Tournament of Roses Parade 2012, featuring the 100th Scout birthday scout, designed and decorated by Girl Scouts.
US President Barack Obama signed the "Girl Scouting Coins Act of US Warning" for the celebration of the 100th Anniversary. This action officially prints a coin of 350,000 silver dollars in honor of the Scout and the achievement of 50 million women affected by Scouts over the past 100 years.
Colorado holds a vigorous campaign to create special license plates to honor the Hundred Girl Scouts. The Girl Scouts of Minnesota and Wisconsin River Valleys performed "The Great Girl Gathering", a One Hundred Years Celebration on 10 and 11 March 2012 for 140,000 girls at Mall of America in Bloomington, Minnesota.
Build-A-Bear Workshop has a limited edition Scout puppet and clothing for its 100th anniversary.
The Girl Scout Council of the Nation's Capital in Washington, DC organizes the 100th Anniversary of Sing-Along at the National Mall, on June 9, 2012 called Girl Scouts Rock the Mall: 100th Anniversary Sing-Along. The Rock the Mall event attracts over 200,000 people to the national mall to celebrate the Boy Scouts and cost $ 2 million.
Girl Scouts of Citrus, in partnership with Walt Disney World, organizes a special 100th anniversary event on May 25-28, 2012. The Bridging into the Next Century event provides Girl Scouts from all over the country an opportunity to celebrate the Scouting Girl spirit at Epcot.
The Cincinnati Museum Center holds day and night events to celebrate in partnership with the Ohio Western Scouts, which Ohio designed an exhibition, which is on display for free until May 13, 2012. The exhibition features uniforms, old literature and discussed the role of Girl Scouts over the last 100 years.
GSUSA made a new cake called Savannah Smiles to commemorate the anniversary.
The Girl Scouts of Northeast Texas hosts the Girl Scouts national exhibition at the Texas State Expo 2012 at the historic Hall of State. At the State Fair of Texas, visitors can enjoy Samoa Fried, being part of a virtual campfire, walking through a life-size pastry box and looking at the replica of Juliette Gordon Low's house.
In Savannah, Georgia where Girl Scouting was founded, they hosted "Party in the Park" at Forsyth Park where there is a Centennial Honorary Guard consisting of girls in vintage uniforms from Girl Scout First Headquarters. The uniform is; 1912 (replica) 1914 1928 1940 1960s 1970s 1980s and current.
The City of Savannah closes part of the Talmadge Bridge so the girls can walk across the bridge and "Bridge into the next century." Savannah also has a "Sunrise Service" with CEO, Anna Maria Chavez. The Honorable Guard from the garden carries the Eternal Flame.
The City of Savannah dedicated their annual "Georgia Day" to Juliette.
Similar organizations
The Fire Girl Camp was founded in 1910, two years before the Scouts, by some of the creators of Boy Scouts of America. In 1975, the group became co-educational and soon after it was renamed "Camp Fire Boys and Girls". The name was changed to Camp Fire USA in 2001 and to Camp Fire in 2012. In 2009, the group had a membership of around 750,000.
Various religions have their own youth clubs like Missionettes (now Mpact Girls) for Assemblies of God. Little Flowers Girls' ClubÃ,® is a girl club focusing on Catholicism. GEMS Girls' Clubs are a non-denominational group with a Calvinist/Reformed background. Pioneer Girls started as a Methodist group but not denominational.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
0 Comments